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KMID : 0361020220650070373
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Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
2022 Volume.65 No. 7 p.373 ~ p.380
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Delivering Speech by Non-Invasive Electric Stimulation of the Central Nervous System
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Suh Myung-Whan
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Abstract
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Recent advances in neuroscience and precise electric stimulation have enabled us to delivercomplex signals to the central nervous system. But most of the successful electric stimulationdevices such as cochlear implant and deep brain stimulation require surgery. Considering thatmost of the patients with hearing loss have a significant residual hearing, it is not feasible toopen up the round window and insert an electrode in a functional cochlea. The concept ofnon-invasive electric stimulation of the auditory system may have a role in the future to overcomethis unmet need in the clinic. Until now, many researchers have tried to delivery speechsignal to the brain by means of non-invasive electric stimulation. Trans-cranial electric stimulationhave most extensively been studied and interesting outcomes have recently been published.
Some studied were able to prove that the envelope of the speech can be delivered bynon-invasive electric stimulation. This new technology is called speech entrainment. By inducingspeech entrainment, researchers were able to enhance the speech recognition score innoisy environments. But there are also some limitations in this approach. For instance, thetime delay of the auditory sound and brain entrainment must be matched which is quite challenging.
Although some limitation needs to be resolved, recent advancements in this new fieldis very interesting. More developments will follow in the next few years that can help patientswith hearing loss in the near future.
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KEYWORD
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Central nervous system, Electric stimulation, Speech
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